Solutions Part 1

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NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Chapter-wise Solutions

•  1 – The Solid State
• 2 – Solutions
• 3 – Electrochemistry
• 4 – Chemical Kinetics
• 5 – Surface Chemistry
• 6 – General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements
• 7 – The p-Block Elements
• 8 – The d-and f-Blocks Elements
• 9 – Coordination Compounds
• 10 – Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
• 11 – Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
• 12 – Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
• 13 – Amines
• 14 – Biomolecules
• 15 – Polymers
• 16 – Chemistry in Everyday Life

CHAPTER TWO SOLUTIONS

• 2.1 Types of Solutions
• 2.2 Expressing Concentration of Solutions
• 2.3 Solubility
• 2.4 Vapour Pressure of Liquid Solutions
• 2.5 Ideal and Non-Ideal Solutions
• 2.6 Colligative Properties and Determination of Molar Mass
• 2.7 Abnormal Molar Masses

NCERT Solutions class 12 Chemistry Solutions Part 1

1. Define the term solution. How many types of solutions are formed? Write briefly about each type with an example.

2. Give an example of solid solution in which the solute is a gas.

3. Define the following terms:

(i) Mole fraction

(ii) Molality

(iii) Molarity

(iv) Mass percentage.

4. Concentrated nitric acid used in laboratory work is 68% nitric acid by mass in aqueous solution. What should be the molarity of such a sample of the acid if the density of the solution is?

Molarity of solution = = 16.23 M

5. A solution of glucose in water is labelled as 10% w/w, what would be the molality and mole fraction of each component in the solution? If the density of solution is , then what shall be the molarity of the solution?

6. How many mL of 0.1 M HCl are required to react completely with 1 g mixture of and containing equimolar amounts of both?

7. A solution is obtained by mixing 300g of 25% solution and 400 g of 40% solution by mass. Calculate the mass percentage of the resulting solution.

8. An antifreeze solution is prepared from 222.6 g of ethylene glycol () and 200 g of water. Calculate the molality of the solution. If the density of the solution is, then what shall be the molarity of the solution?

9. A sample of drinking water was found to be severely contaminated with chloroform () supposed to be a carcinogen. The level of contamination was 15 ppm (by mass):

(i) express this in percent by mass

(ii) determine the molality of chloroform in the water sample.

10. What role does the molecular interaction play in a solution of alcohol and water?

11. Why do gases always tend to be less soluble in liquids as the temperature is raised?

12. State Henry’s law and mention some important applications?

13. The partial pressure of ethane over a solution containing of ethane is 1 bar. If the solution contains of ethane, then what shall be the partial pressure of the gas?

4. What is meant by positive and negative deviations from Raoult’s law and how is the sign of related to positive and negative deviations from Raoult’s law?

15. An aqueous solution of 2% non-volatile solute exerts a pressure of 1.004 bar at the normal boiling point of the solvent. What is the molar mass of the solute?

16. Heptane and octane form an ideal solution. At 373 K, the vapour pressures of the two liquid components are 105.2 kPa and 46.8 kPa respectively. What will be the vapour pressure of a mixture of 26.0 g of heptane and 35 g of octane?

17. The vapour pressure of water is 12.3 kPa at 300 K. Calculate vapour pressure of 1 molal solution of a non-volatile solute in it.

18. Calculate the mass of a non-volatile solute (molar mass 40 g) which should be dissolved in 114 g octane to reduce its vapour pressure to 80%.

19. A solution containing 30 g of non-volatile solute exactly in 90 g of water has a vapour pressure of 2.8 kPa at 298 K. Further, 18 g of water is then added to the solution and the new vapour pressure becomes 2.9 kPa at 298 K. Calculate:

i. molar mass of the solute

ii. vapour pressure of water at 298 K.

20. A 5% solution (by mass) of cane sugar in water has freezing point of 271 K. Calculate the freezing point of 5% glucose in water if freezing point of pure water is 273.15 K.

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 covers both organic and inorganic chemistry. Please note that CBSE has reduced the syllabus for class 12 Chemistry. So, you must check the latest syllabus of CBSE while going through the NCERT solution of any chapter given in the class 12 NCERT book.